GLP-1 probiotics could cause disruption

GLP-1 is a hormone

GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) is a powerful hormone made in our gut, specifically by the L-cells in the small intestine and colon, in response to food.

It plays a key role in

• Appetite regulation (tells your brain you're full) and weight management

• Slowing gastric emptying (keeps you satisfied longer)

• Stimulating insulin release (helps manage blood sugar)

• Reducing inflammation and supporting metabolic health

Healthy gut microbes like Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium, stimulate GLP-1 release by fermenting dietary fibre into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like butyrate, which signal L-cells to release GLP-1.

This is why people are taking a GLP-1 probiotic, many of which contain probiotic strains like Akkermansia muciniphila to enhance metabolic health.

But more GLP-1 isn’t always better

This is because

• Akkermansia feeds on the gut’s protective mucous layer. While moderate amounts can support gut and immune function, too much can thin this barrier, leading to increased intestinal permeability (leaky gut), inflammation and immune dysregulation

• An overgrowth of Akkermansia is linked to Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Colorectal cancer, and Autoimmune flares

So while the idea of taking a probiotic to boost GLP-1, and therefore reduce appetite or support blood sugar, sounds promising, forcing the gut ecosystem out of balance can backfire.

Instead, test first! I do a lot of gut testing in my practice.

Or, support GLP-1 naturally with

1. Prebiotic fibre - leeks, garlic, green bananas

2. Fermented foods - sauerkraut, kefir

3. Polyphenols - berries, olive oil)

4. Healthy fats - olives, avocado, nuts/seeds

5. Bitter greens and protein to stimulate gut hormones

6. Limiting ultra-processed foods and sugar that damage the gut lining and microbiome